Challenges and Solution of UMTS Handover
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Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) is the
third-generation (3G) cell phone technology. UMTS offers
telecommunications services (like speech or SMS) and
bearer services, which provide the capability for
information transfer between access points. It is
possible to negotiate and renegotiate the
characteristics of a bearer service at session or
connection establishment and during ongoing session or
connection. Both connection-oriented and connectionless
services are offered for Point-to-Point and
Point-to-Multipoint communication. The radio interface
of UMTS is called UTRAN (UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access
Network) which uses W-CDMA as the underlying air
interface [19].4G technology is also being developed for
the heterogeneous networks e.g. WiMax. Today mobile
wireless infrastructure is commonly-seen as one of the
most advanced form of human communications. The last
decade GSM technology has been a leading force in this
revolution. Simultaneously with the phenomenal
deployment of wireless networks and distribution of user
terminals, also the Internet has seen a similar
revolutionary growth.Handover means changing/switching
of a mobile transmission from one channel to another.
The main purpose of handover is to maintain an ongoing
call when the hardware changes the channel, whether it
is in the same cell or a different cell. Whenever a
handover occurs there is always a handover delay which
dictates that we cannot guarantee the service
continuity. Though the handover time is msec but if
there is a long handover latency, it will results in
high packet losses and degradation of end-to-end TCP
performance in case of packet switched data. Delay
sensitive real-time applications demands packet lossless
and low latency Quality-of-Service (QOS) guarantee
during handover.In this thesis we will find the reasons
of delay and packet loss during the handover and effect
on the QOS (quality of services).
Contents
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1. Brief History Cellular Networks
1.2. Advancements
1.2.1 First Generation
1.2.2 Second Generation
1.2.3 Third Generation
1.2.3.1 3G Standardization
1.3 Emerging Technologies
1.3.1 WLAN
1.3.2 WIMAX
1.3.3 WIBRO
1.3.4 HSPA
1.3.5 UMTS
1.4 Comparison of Technologies
1.4.1 WLAN, WIMAX, WIBro
1.4.1 3G UMTS, EV-DO, HSDPA
CHAPTER 2: UMTS
2.1 UMTS Network Overview
2.1.1 UMTS Position in 3G
2.1.2 UMTS for customers
2.1.3 UMTS for the operator
2.2 Standardization
2.3 UMTS Network Services
2.3.1 General services
2.3.2 Quality of Service
2.3.3 UMTS services Capability
2.3.3.1. Location based services
2.3.3.2 WAP Service
2.3.3.3 MMS (Multimedia Messaging Service)
2.3.3.4 CAMEL
2.3.3.5 VHE (Virtual Home Environment)
2.4 UMTS Network Architecture
2.4.1 User Equipment
2.4.2 UTRAN
2.4.3 Core Network
2.4.3.1 Circuit Switched Domain
2.4.3.1 Packet Switched Domain
2.5 UMTS Interfaces
2.5.1 Iu interface
2.5.2 Iur Interface
2.5.3 Iub Interface
2.5.4 Uu Interface
2.6. WCDMA Physical Layer
2.6.1 Spread Spectrum Systems
2.6.2 Duplex Method
2.6.3 Power Control
2.6.3.1 Open loop power control
2.6.3.2 Closed loop power control
2.6.3.3 Outer loop power control
2.6.4 Multi Path Diversity
2.6.5 Network Capacity
2.6.6 UMTS channel
2.6.7 Cell States
2.6.8 Cell Structure
2.7. Feasibility of UMTS
2.7.1. Technical Feasibility
2.7.2. Economical Feasibility
2.7.3. Operational Feasibility
2.8. Future Perspective of UMTS
2.8.1. HSDPA
2.8.1.1 HSDPA Architecture
2.8.2. MBMS
2.8.3. LTE
CHAPTER 3: UMTS HANDOVER
3.1 Overview
3.2 Challenges in UMTS Handover
3.3 Handover Initiation
3.3.1 Mobile initiated
3.3.2 Mobile assisted
3.3.3 Network Initiated
3.3.4 Network Assisted
3.4 Handover Requirements
3.5 Handover Types
3.5.1 Horizontal Handover
3.5.2 Vertical handover
3.5.3 Intra cell Handover
3.5.4 Inter system Handover
3.5.5 Hard Handover
3.5.6 Soft Handover
3.5.7 Softer Handover
3.6 Causes of UMTS Handover
3.7 Objectives of Handover
3.8 Handover Procedure
3.8.1 Measurement
3.8.2 Decision
3.8.3 Execution
3.9 Handover Stratgies
3.9.1 Non Prioritized Strategy
3.9.2 Reserved Channel Strategy
3.10 Simulation Results
3.11 Soft Handover Principles
3.12 Soft Handover Algorithm
3.13 Features of SHO
3.14 SHO Probability and Overhead
3.15 SHO Simulation Results
3.16 Derivation Of Optimized SHO Overhead and Threshold
3.17 SHO Optimization…
CHAPTER 4: LOCATION MANAGEMENT
4.1 Overview
4.2 Location Management Schemes
4.2.1. Location Management at Cell Level
4.2.2. Location Management at UTRAN Level
4.2.3 Location Management at Routing Level
4.3 Inactivity Counter Mechanism (ICM) in Location
Management
4.3.1 ICM in Packet Switched Core Network
4.3.2 ICM in UTRAN
4.4 Location Update and Paging Cost for PMM-connected
UEs
4.5 Location Update and Paging Cost for PMM-idle UEs
CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION
5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Future Work
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